Evaluation of the use of alternative fuels (ethanol, biodiesel) in Otto and Diesel engines from a thermodynamic approach
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63969/evdv9107Keywords:
Ethanol, biodiesel, Otto engines, Diesel engines, thermodynamic efficiency, alternative fuelsAbstract
This study analyzes the thermodynamic performance of alternative fuels in internal combustion engines, with the objective of evaluating their technical and environmental viability compared to traditional fossil fuels. Ethanol, used in Otto engines, and biodiesel, used in diesel engines, were considered, comparing their energetic properties and their effect on thermal and braking efficiency. The analysis is based on the application of energy and exergy balances, with emphasis on parameters such as calorific value, air-fuel ratio, and irreversible losses. The results show that ethanol improves the combustion process in Otto engines due to its high octane rating, although it has a lower energy density compared to gasoline, which impacts specific consumption. In diesel engines, biodiesel shows favorable performance in terms of emission reduction and operating stability, although its lower calorific value influences available power. It is concluded that both biofuels represent promising alternatives for a transition toward more sustainable energy systems, provided their use is optimized by considering thermodynamic principles and overall cycle efficiency.
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